It is important to understand the difference between Layer 2 and Layer 3 switches in computer networking. This will assist in building a strong network. These two types of switches are critical for routing and forwarding network traffic. This is to guarantee that information reaches its intended destination. They both operate at distinct OSI levels; hence, their functions and applications differ. Let’s discuss some key differences between layer 2 and layer 3 network switches!
What are Layer 2 Network Switches?
A Layer 2 network switch works at the data connection layer. It mostly includes transmitting data frames from one device to another inside the same network. It accomplishes this by using the frames’ MAC addresses. The layer 2 switch is a key element of any local area network.
What are Layer 3 Network Switches?
A Layer 3 network switch, also known as a multilayer switch, works at the OSI model’s Datalink and network layers. This switch combines the features of standard switches and routers. Thus, the routers can even perform functions such as routing of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses.
Differences Between Layer 2 and Layer 3 Network Switches
Let’s have a look at some main differences between layer 2 and layer 3 network switches:
Scope
Layer 2 Switches: These switches are used in a Local Area Network. It is best suited for small networks where the traffic does not go outside the broadcast domain.
Layer 3 Switches: Layer 3 switches are best for larger and complicated networks. They are used in both LAN and WAN to forward data from one network segment to the other.
Traffic Management
Layer 2 Switches: The layer 2 switches operate at the data link layer. They manage traffic according to MAC addresses, and cannot route traffic between subnets.
Layer 3 Switches: These switches usually connect and route traffic between many subnets. This routing is as per the IP addresses assigned to them. They can use routing protocols and QoS settings to manage different types of traffic.
Advanced Features
Layer 2 Switches: Include simple features like MAC address learning, frame forwarding, and avoiding loops. They do not have built-in support for IP routing.
Layer 3 Switches: These switches offer a set of complex options for IP routing. These features enable easy management of the network traffic and enhanced performance.
Routing Protocols
Layer 2 Switches: They do not support routing protocols as they are meant to run on a single network segment. Their main task is to forward frames according to MAC addresses.
Layer 3 Switches: These switches support different routing protocols. These protocols allow the flow of packets between distinct segments and other networks on the Internet.
